Suchergebnisse

In the article, public diplomacy is seen as a set of actions committed by official and unofficial organs of the state, to achieve foreign policy goals through the dissemination of information (disinformation) or create the necessary impact on the ruling circles and the public in foreign countries. According to the authors, public diplomacy has become an integral part of network-centric hybrid war, in which the role of the information against the enemy becomes decisive. At the beginning of the XXI century media, including network, it has become the most important policy tools with which you can achieve the most important goals that were decided before the other (economic, military, financial) policy instruments. Such a sharp increase in the values of the media, as well as a qualitative change in their role in the policy of the XXI century is primarily the result of two processes, the further development of which will be an even greater extent to enhance the value and role of media in politics States - a sharp increase in the value of man, its capacity, firstly, and the technological revolution in the field of science, and second.

The basis for food production is agriculture. Agricultural land use cover about 40% of the land surface and agrocenosis be regarded as the most modern land biome. Ecosystem services - these are the conditions and processes through which natural ecosystems and the species they are, and provide support life. The established four categories of ecosystem services: Support (Supporting services) - necessary for the performance of all other ecosystem services (soil formation, nutrient cycling, primary productivity); those for (Provisioning services) - products that can be obtained from ecosystems (food, water, and genetic resources); regulatory (Regulating services) - the regulation of climate, decomposition of pollutants, control of pests and diseases, pollination; Cultural (Cultural services) - intangible benefits that people receive from nature (recreation and ecotourism, education etc.). According to the EU Biodiversity Strategy (Goal 2, Action 5) ecosystems and ecosystem services of the member states of the European Union should be identified and marked Cartographically (The EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020). The economic value of ecosystem services should also be established and the integration of such assessments should be considered both at EU and at national level. According to the EU Biodiversity Strategy (Goal 2, Action 5) ecosystems and ecosystem services of the member states of the European Union should be identified and marked Cartographically (The EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020). The economic value of ecosystem services should also be established and the integration of such assessments should be considered both at EU and at national level. According to the EU Biodiversity Strategy (Goal 2, Action 5) ecosystems and ecosystem services of the member states of the European Union should be identified and marked Cartographically (The EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020). The economic value of ecosystem services should also be established and the integration of such assessments should be considered both at EU and at national level.Our working hypothesis is that phytoindication assessments of the environmental regimes may be obtained from the study of plant communities formed on tehnosol may be markers of activity of ecosystem services. The aim of our work show the possibility of regulatory indicators for ecosystem services using man-made tehnosol by means of phytoindication estimates of the termoclimate, continentality, crioclimate and obmroclimate.The field studies were conducted during the 2008-2017 biennium. Bioecological research station in the Dnieper agro-economic University (Pokrov city, Dnepropetrovsk region, Ukraine). Polygons incorporated within tehnosols four types: pedozem, sod-lithogenic soils on losses-like loam, gray-green clay and red-brown clay. Found that embriozems surface receives more solar radiation than the surface of the sod-lithogenic soil surface and the last gets more heat than pedozems. More dense vegetation that is able to develop more fertile soil, creates a distinct effect shielding. During soil forming processes phytoindicator evaluation of the radiation balance are falling and asymptotically approaching to a stationary level. Ombroclimate of the embriozems can be described as such, contributes with mezoarydophytes and ombroclimate of the sod lithogenic soils and pedozems promotes subarydophytes. Stabilization of the ombroclimate condition is stable operation of man-made soil ecosystem. Obtained evidence that during soil forming processes the estimates of the continentality indicate decrease contrast micro-climatic conditions. For groups of vegetation, which are formed on different technosol types mounted simultaneous dynamics of continental character.Keywords: ecosystem services, reclamation, phytoindication, termoclimate, ombroclimate, crioclimate, continentality ; У роботі показана можливість індикації регуляторних екосистемних сервісів протягом техногенного ґрунтогенезу за допомогою фітоіндикаційних оцінок термоклімату, континентальності, кріоклімату та обмроклімату. Польові дослідження проводились протягом 2008–2017 рр. у дослідній біоекологічній станції Дніпровського аграрно-економічного університету (м. Покров, Дніпропетровська область, Україна). Полігони закладені у межах чотирьох типів техноземів: педоземи, дерново-літогенні ґрунти на лесоподібних суглинках, сіро-зелених глинах та червоно-бурих глинах. Встановлено, що поверхня ембріоземів одержує більшу кількість сонячної радіації, ніж поверхня дерново-літогенних ґрунтів, а поверхня останніх одержує більше тепла, ніж педоземи. Більш щільний рослинний покрив, який здатний розвиватися на все більш родючому ґрунті, створює більш виразний ефект екранування. Протягом ґрунтогенезу фітоіндикаційні оцінки радіаційного балансу знижуються та асимптотично наближаються до стаціонарних рівнів. Омброклімат ембріоземів можна охарактеризувати як такий, зо сприяє мезоаридофітам, а омброклімат дерново-літогенних ґрунтів та педоземів сприяє субаридофітам. Стабілізація омброрежиму є умовою стійкого функціонування техногенної ґрунтової екосистеми. Одержані свідчення, що протягом ґрунтогенезу фітоіндикаційні оцінки континентальності вказують на зменшення контрастності мікрокліматичних умов. Для угруповань рослинності, які сформовані на різних типах техноземів, встановлений синхронний характер динаміки показників континентальності. Протягом періоду ґрунтогенезу на техноземах формуються рослинні угруповання, які певною мірою приходять у відповідність з умовами навколишнього кліматичного оточення. Це проявляє себе у тому, що фітоіндикаційні оцінки кріоклімату досить чітко відповідають вимірюванням за допомогою метеорологічних приладів.Ключові слова: екосистемні сервіси, рекультивація, фітоіндикація, термоклімат, омброклімат, кріоклімат, континентальність

This article considers the application of remote sensing data to solve the problems of forestry in the Polissia zone (Ukraine). The satellite remote sensing was shown to be applicable to monitoring the damage caused by diseases and pests to forest resources and to assessing the effects of fires. During the research, a detailed analysis and optimization of the information content of Sentinel-2 long-term data sets was performed to detect changes in the forest cover of Polissia, affected by pests and damaged by fires. The following classification algorithms were used for automated decryption: the maximum likelihood method; cluster classification without training; Principal Component Analysis (PCA); Random Forest classification. The results of this study indicate the high potential of Sentinel-2 data for application in applied problems of forestry and vegetation analysis, despite the decametric spatial resolution. Our proposed workflow has achieved an overall classification accuracy of 90 % for the Polissia region, indicating its reliability and potential for scaling to a higher level, and the proposed forecast model is stationary and does not depend on time parameters. To improve the classification results, testing of different combinations of bands emphasized the importance of Band 8 in combination with red edge bands, as well as other bands with a resolution of 10 m for summer scenes. The red margin shows clearly visible differences in the spectral profiles, but bands with a higher resolution of 10 m were crucial for good results.